聚焦Findora团队系统工程师：Noah Golub

Findora正在努力寻找充满激情和驱动力的伙伴加入我们，共建可访问且隐私加密的全球金融网络。

Findora是一支由高端技术人员组成的团队，其中许多人已经成为了各自领域的领军人。我们将通过团队聚焦系列向您介绍我们的团队，便于您深入了解Findora。本周，我们有幸邀请到了系统工程师Noah Golub，并就进一步了解他的背景以及他为何对Findora充满热情进行了交谈。

在加入Findora之前，Noah在斯坦福大学学习计算机科学。在那段时间里，Noah阅读了许多关于区块链和密码学的论文文献。因此，他对密码学在现实世界中的适用性产生了一些他自己的独特见解。

当被问到是什么促使Noah开始学习密码学时，他说：“我一直非常喜欢无信任和可验证数据结构（authenticated data structure，ADS）这一理论。我认为当前存储用户数据的黑匣子仍然存在很多缺陷。最可怕的是，人们缺乏对自己数据的控制权。而ADS可以保证数据是如何存储以及被使用的。例如，通过ADS，用户可以查询远程数据库以验证对查询的响应是否与用于身份验证的标签一致。如果服务器的响应与身份验证标签不一致，则用户就会第一时间得知问题的存在。换句话说，服务器只能以一种特定的方式响应所有用户，否则用户将立即发现服务器是否有篡改数据的情况。

在分布式分类帐设置中使用ADS有很多效率上的优势，例如：

用户可以通过短数据标签来验证网络中的所有节点是否都同意分类账的状态。

用户可以从网络中的单个节点来检索分类帐的任何一部分以及身份验证证明，从而来验证该部分是否有效，不必自己再存储整个分类帐。

用户可以将交易提交到分类账中，并从网络中的任何节点获得证明，从而来确认交易已被包含在分类账的新状态中。

比特币中使用的默克尔树就是ADS的一个著名范例。

Findora使用的是几种不同类型的累计器。有了它们，我们可以通过完全解除共识和存储之间的耦合，达到消除存储和内存的限制，提高吞吐量的目的。借助密码学技术，上述类型的结构以及更多起来类型的结构都是可能实现的。”

毕业后，Noah更加坚信使用加密技术可以解决当今世界的诸多难题。这种信念使他加入了Findora。在Findora，Noah担任系统工程师。他目前的工作重点包括构建核心平台以及API / Web层。这些将成为为金融服务带来保密性和透明性新生态系统的基础架构模块。过去，这两个属性是互斥的，但是在Findora，它们可以共存。

Noah对Findora正在建立的新语言感到兴奋。他说：“Findora正在为各种保护隐私的金融工具提供平台。为此，我们需要允许我们的客户对金融工具的合约逻辑进行编码。

并保持下列属性之间的平衡：

可定制性-实施不同逻辑的难易程度如何？

可预测性-是否可以在签署合同之前预知合同的结果？

可信赖性-即使某些交易是加密的，用户和审计师是否可以确保分类账已经执行合同条款？

为了使这三个属性可以同时实现，我们正在设计一种用于描述验证合同逻辑的特定领域语言（Domain-Specific Language，DSL）。我们将每个特定的合同确认程序称为“政策”。我们的政策语言可以使用于重要财务的应用程序，用合理的方式进行限制，以避免出现一些可怕的错误。这也促使Findora可以成为按照预期安全执行的网络。”

Findora将构建将用户放在首位的新型金融服务和应用程序。用Noah的话说：“ Findora的使命是为金融服务带来加密的透明性，同时保证隐私。结合保证用户其金融身份的所有权，这将产生一个全新的金融时代。”

Findorais actively hiring passionate and driven team members to build an accessible and privacy-empowering global finance network.

The team at Findora consists of highly skilled individuals, many of whom are paving the way forward in their respective fields. We’d like to introduce you to these individuals through our team spotlight series. This week we spoke withNoah Golubto learn a bit more about his background and what makes him so passionate about Findora’s mission.

Before working at Findora, Noah studied computer science at Stanford. During this time, Noah started reading many blockchain and cryptography-specific papers. Thanks to this, he developed a unique understanding of the applicability of cryptography to real-world problems.

When asked what drew Noah into cryptography he said:“I always really likedthe properties that come with a trustless and authenticated data structure(ADS).I think there are a lot of issues with the black boxes where users currently store their data. The lack of control people have over their own data is a bit scary. ADS can provide a guarantee of how data is being used. For example, with ADS, A client querying a remote database to verify that the response to the query is consistent with a small authentication tag. If the server’s response isn’t consistent with the authentication tag, the user will know something is wrong. In other words, the server can only respond to all users in a unique way, or they will know the server is not being “honest” about the data.

By using ADS in a distributed ledger setting you gain several efficiency advantages.

For example:

-You can verify that all nodes in the network agree on the state of the ledger by simply comparing short data tags.

-Users can retrieve a portion of the ledger from a single node in the network along with an authentication proof, rather than storing the entire ledger themselves, to verify that the portion is valid.

-Users can submit transactions to the ledger and obtain a certificate from any node in the network that proves the transaction was included in the new state of the ledger.

A well-known example of an ADS is the Merkle tree used in Bitcoin. In Findora we are experimenting with several types of accumulators. With them, we can eliminate storage and memory bottlenecks and improve throughput by completely decoupling consensus and storage. These types of structures and more are possible thanks to cryptography.”

After college, Noah felt even stronger about using cryptography to solve important problems impacting many people today. This conviction led him to join Findora. At Findora, Noah works as a systems engineer.His current focuses include building the core platform as well as the API/web layer.These will be the foundation and building blocks for a new ecosystem that brings both confidentiality and transparency to financial services. In the past, those two properties have been mutually exclusive, but Findora’s technology allows them to coexist with each other.

Noah is excited about the new policy language Findora is building. Noah said:“Findora is providing a platform for a wide range of privacy-preserving financial instruments.To do this, we need to allow our customers to encode the contractual logic of those instruments. There must be a balance between

Customizability— How easily can different logic be implemented?

Predictability— How easy is it to understand the outcomes of a contract before agreeing to it?

Trustworthiness— Can users and auditors be sure that the ledger has enforced the contract terms, even though some transactions are confidential?

To achieve all three aspects, we are designing aDomain-Specific Language (DSL)for describing contract-validation logic. We call each specific contract-validation program a “policy”. Our policy language will be expressive enough to allow for non-trivial financial applications, but limited in a healthy way to avoid some terrible classes of bugs. This enables Findora to be a network that safely executes programs as intended.”

Building Findora means enabling all new types of financial services and applications that truly put the user first. In Noah’s words: “Findora’s mission is to bring cryptographic transparency to financial services, granting them privacy and transparency at the same time.Combined with granting people ownership of their financial identity, this will allow for a whole new class of financial applications.”

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编译者/作者：Findora

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